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Ameren paid $60,000 for the services of [[Bryan Cave Strategies]] LLC in 2008.<ref>[http://projects.publicintegrity.org/climatelobby/Results.aspx?ClientName=&LobbyingFirm=Bryan%20Cave%20Strategies%20LLC&Expense=-1&LobbyistName=&Quarter=&BizCategory=&Results_BizCategory=1&Results_ClientName=1&Results_Expense=1&Results_LobbyingFirm=1&Results_Quarter=1 “Bryan Cave Strategiess LLC”] Center for Public Integrity, accessed July 2009.</ref> The registered lobbyists were [[Matt Jessee]], and [[David Russell]]. Ameren spent another $160,000 on [[Ogilvy Government Relations]] in 2008 and 40,000 so far in 2009.<ref>[http://projects.publicintegrity.org/climatelobby/Results.aspx?ClientName=&LobbyingFirm=Ogilvy%20Government%20Relations&Expense=-1&LobbyistName=&Quarter=&BizCategory=&Results_BizCategory=1&Results_ClientName=1&Results_Expense=1&Results_LobbyingFirm=1&Results_Quarter=1 “Ogilvy Government Relations”] Center for Public Integrity, accessed July 2009.</ref> The registered lobbyists were [[Chris Giblin]], [[Drew Maloney]], [[Julie Dammann]], [[Wayne Berman]], and [[John Green]]. [[Elmendorf Strategies]] LLC received $90,000 from Ameren in 2008 and $30,000 in 2009.<ref>[http://projects.publicintegrity.org/climatelobby/Results.aspx?ClientName=&LobbyingFirm=Elmendorf%20Strategies%20LLC&Expense=-1&LobbyistName=&Quarter=&BizCategory=&Results_BizCategory=1&Results_ClientName=1&Results_Expense=1&Results_LobbyingFirm=1&Results_Quarter=1 “Elmendorf Strategies LLC”] Center for Public Integrity, accessed July 2009.</ref> The registered lobbyists were [[Robert Cogorno]], [[Steven Elmendorf]], [[James Houton]], [[Kristina Kennedy]], and [[Shanti Stanton]] in 2008 with [[Barry LaSala]] joining the team in 2009. Ameren also spent $78,000 on [[Bracewell & Giuliani]] in 2008 and another $50,000 in 2009.<ref>[http://projects.publicintegrity.org/climatelobby/Results.aspx?ClientName=&LobbyingFirm=Bracewell%20%26%20Giuliani&Expense=-1&LobbyistName=&Quarter=&BizCategory=&Results_BizCategory=1&Results_ClientName=1&Results_Expense=1&Results_LobbyingFirm=1&Results_Quarter=1 “Bracewell & Giuliani”] Center for Public Integrity, accessed July 2009.</ref> The registered lobbyists were [[Scott H. Segal]], [[Jeffrey Holmstead]], [[Edward Krenik]], [[Joshua Zive]], and [[E. Dee Martin]].They have also used the lobbying firms the [[Gephardt Group]] Government Affairs, [[Barnes & Thornburg]], [[Bracewell & Giuliani]], and its own in-house services arm, Ameren Services. All told, including the $30,000 paid to [[Elmendorf Strategies]] in the first quarter of 2009, the utility spent $2.36 million on lobbying the federal legislature in the first six months of 2009 alone.<ref>Bob Burton, [http://www.prwatch.org/node/8490 "Elmendorf Strategies and the Carbon Lobby"] PRWatch.org, August 17, 2009</ref>