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===Tax breaks===
A 2012 [http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/tax-policy/Documents/General-Explanations-FY2013.pdf Treasury Department report] estimates that eliminating three federal government tax preferences for coal would save $2.6 billion between 2013-2022: 1. Expensing of exploration and development costs; 2. Percentage Depletion for Hard Mineral Fossil Fuels; and 3. Capital Gains Treatment for Royalties.<ref>Jessica Goad and Stephen Lacey, [http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/04/13/463874/top-three-ways-that-american-taxpayers-subsidize-dirty-coal-development/ "Top Three Ways That American Taxpayers Subsidize Dirty Coal Development,"] Climate Progress, April 13, 2012.</ref>
A 2011 analysis by Citizens for Tax Justice and the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy, [http://www.ctj.org/corporatetaxdodgers/CorporateTaxDodgersReport.pdf "Corporate Taxpayers & Corporate Tax Dodgers: 2008-10"] found dozens of companies, including fossil fuels, used tax breaks and various tax dodging methods to have a negative tax balance between 2008 and 2010, while making billions in profits. The utilities/electric industry were found to take in 14% of the federal subsidies, the second highest of any sector behind only finance: Utilities reported a $100 billion profit from 2008 to 2010, but the industry as a whole paid only a 3.7% tax rate.<ref>Robert S. McIntyre, Matthew Gardner, Rebecca J. Wilkins, Richard Phillips, [http://www.ctj.org/corporatetaxdodgers/CorporateTaxDodgersReport.pdf "Corporate Taxpayers & Corporate Tax Dodgers: 2008-10"] Citizens for Tax Justice and the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy, November 2011 Report.</ref>
