Topper
{{#badges: ToxicSludge}}Topper is a Los Angeles, CA product sold as fertilizer but made from sewage sludge.[1] Hundreds of communities across the U.S. sell toxic sludge products that are typically renamed biosolids and sold or given away as "fertilizer" or "compost" (and often even labeled or marketed as "natural" or "organic").
The Metropolitan Council of the Twin Cities notes, "Kellogg Supply is a private company which purchases composted biosolids (sewage sludge) from the sanitary district of Los Angeles, California. The company manufactures a variety of lawn and garden soil conditioner and fertilizer products from this compost. The products, which include Nitrohumus, Gromulch, Amend and Topper, are bagged and sold to homeowners and landscapers through retail centers in California and other states. About 70% of Kelloggs total annual sales are of composted biosolids products. This represents about 250,000 cubic yards per year." [2]
Topper is made by Kellogg Garden Products, a company that produces and sells sewage sludge garden products.[3] Founded by H. Clay Kellogg in 1925, Kellogg Garden Products has sold sludge-based products from the start, beginning with the product Nitrohumus.[4] In its long history, Kellogg has marketed and sold products for World War II era Victory Gardens, professional baseball fields, the Getty Museum, and Disneyland. Today, Kellogg still offers Nitrohumus, as well as other sludge products Gromulch, Amend, and Topper. These products are sold by Home Depot and Lowes, neither of which mention the inclusion of sewage sludge or biosolids in the products on their websites. According to one source, 70 percent of Kellogg's sales are in sewage sludge products.[5]
Contents
Articles and resources
Related SourceWatch articles
- Biosolids
- Sewage sludge
- Food Rights Network
- Amend
- Kellogg Garden Products
- Nitrohumus
- Gromulch
- Sewage sludge giveaways, producers, and brands
- The EPA's plan to bypass opposition to sewage sludge disposal
- Water Environment Federation
- You say biosolids, I say sewage sludge
References
- ↑ Branded products containing sewage sludge, SludgeNews Website accessed June 3, 2010.
- ↑ Metroplitan Council of the Cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul website, accessed February 1, 2011
- ↑ http://www.kellogggarden.com/, Kellogg Garden Products website, Accessed June 28th, 2010.
- ↑ Kellogg Garden Products - CASE STUDY III, Utility Branding Network for Water and Waste Water Agencies, 2008.
- ↑ U.S. Biosolids Scene, Metropolitan Council Environmental Services, Accessed November 11, 2010.
External resources
- Kellogg Garden Products - CASE STUDY III, Utility Branding Network for Water and Waste Water Agencies, 2008.
- Building the Wastewater Utility Brand: Practical Advice for Increasing Trust, Support, and Investment, Southern California Alliance of Publically Owned Treatment Works (SCAP), 2008.
- Marie Kulick, Smart Guide on Sludge Use and Food Production, Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, 2008.
- Targeted National Sewage Sludge Survey: EPA-822-R-08-016 and EPA-822-R-08-018, EPA, January 2009.
- Environmental Working Group, Dumping Sewage Sludge On Organic Farms? Why USDA Should Just Say No, April, 1998.
- Environmental Working Group, Routes of Exposure sewage sludge: EWG Research on Chemicals in sewage sludge, April 30, 1998.
External articles
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